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The metallic elements are solid at room temperature because they have a high energy level. Metals conduct heat and electricity well, which is one of the properties that makes them useful in construction. They also tend to be malleable, meaning they can easily be molded into products. All metallic coRead more
The metallic elements are solid at room temperature because they have a high energy level.
Metals conduct heat and electricity well, which is one of the properties that makes them useful in construction.
They also tend to be malleable, meaning they can easily be molded into products. All metallic compounds contain metals (such as iron, nickel, cobalt), and some contain other elements such as oxygen or sulfur.
The main reason that metals are solid at room temperature is that the electrons in the metal atoms can move freely around. This is called metallic bonding, and it allows for electrical conductivity.
The metallic bond also makes them malleable (i.e., capable of being bent into different shapes).
Other reasons that metals are solid at room temperature include the following: The atoms in a metal are tightly packed together.
During melting, heat is required to separate the atoms and rearrange them into new positions.
This requires energy because it takes work to push or pull objects apart. The added heat also makes the electrons move faster, which increases the metal’s energy level. Solid metals are very hard.
It takes a lot of heat to melt them, and even more, heat to evaporate them (that is, change from solid to gas).
These processes require a great deal of energy because they involve releasing heat that is stored in solid metal.
When a liquid is heated, the molecules move faster and their atoms become more spread out.
The opposite happens when they cool down; the molecules slow down and come closer together again to form solids.
In metallic compounds, there are so many electrons that it takes an enormous amount of energy to move them to a place where they can be absorbed by other atoms.
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The Booker Prize is one of the highest and most prestigious literary awards given each year for the best novel written in English and published in the United Kingdom or Ireland. It is one of the most coveted awards in British culture, and winning it can lead to a significant sales boost for an authoRead more
The Booker Prize is one of the highest and most prestigious literary awards given each year for the best novel written in English and published in the United Kingdom or Ireland.
It is one of the most coveted awards in British culture, and winning it can lead to a significant sales boost for an author.
The award was first created in 1969, and eligibility was initially limited to Commonwealth, Irish, and South African authors.
In 2014, the rules were changed to allow any English–language novel to be nominated.
This change proved controversial, with some commentators arguing that it diluted the quality of the award.
The Booker Prize is decided by a panel of seven judges, who are appointed by the Booker Prize Foundation.
The winner is announced each year in October and receives a cash prize of £50,000.
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